| Study ID | 03 |
| Study title | From Inclusive Identities to Inclusive Societies: Exploring Complex Social Identity in the Western Balkans |
| Study language | English |
| Institution(s) | University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Čika Ljubina 18-20, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia (a) Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Faculty of Philosophy, blvd. Goce Delcev 9A, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia (b) University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philosophy, University City, 1A Vojvode Petra Bojovića Blvd, 78 000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina (c) University Sarajevo – School of Science and Technology, Hrasnička cesta 3a, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (d) |
| Authors | Iris
Žeželj (PI) (a) Nebojša Petrović (PI) (a) Marija Branković (a) Olja Jovanović (a) Maša Pavlović (a) Marko Vladisavljević Ana Frichand (b) Biljana Blazevska-Stoilkovska (b) Vladimir Turjačanin (c) Srđan Dušanić (c) Irena Teofilović (c) Siniša Lalić (c) Sabina Čehajić-Clancy (d) Maja Pulić (d) Ali Pajaziti (d) Agron Rustemi Admir Qose Edona Maloku-Bërdyna Kaltrina Kelmendi |
| Disciplines | Sociology Social policy Other: Social Psychology |
| Period | November 2015 – June 2015 |
| Geographical space | Four countries, two cities in each country: Serbia (Belgrade, Novi Pazar), Macedonia (Skopje, Tetovo), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Banja Luka, Sarajevo) and Kosovo (Prishtina, Mitrovica). |
| Abstract | In post-conflict societies the mayor disparities reflect the specific ethnic and religious composition and give evidence of institutionalized discrimination. Minority groups are often socially deprived with unequal access to resources. A great deal of recent social-psychological research repeatedly confirms a strong connection between the inclusiveness of individuals’ identities with their support for inclusiveness of the society as a whole (Bodenhausen, 2010). In order to enhance regional and in-country cohesion, more inclusive religious and ethnic identities as well as alternative identities (European, regional, gender, subcultural) need to be cultivated, beside ethnic and religious ones. One important route to it is to define the conditions that foster complex social identity (SIC). The relevant research has demonstrated that people with more complex social identities show higher inter-group tolerance, are more ready to volunteer and be socially active and also, are more likely to endorse social policies relevant to outgroups. This project aims to develop a complex research design intended to deeply explore antecedents and consequences of SIC in the selected countries. Main Objectives were: 1. To explore via interviews the nature and structure of social identity among young people in Western Balkan countries; establish similarities and differences in different social contexts (different countries, different microenvironments – ethnically homogenous or heterogeneous, from the perspective of minority or majority, different socio-demographic background); 2. To explore the relationships between social identity complexity and a number of socially relevant attitudes and behaviours: social dominance orientation, political cynicism, trust in institutions, conservatism-liberalism, attitudes and distance towards out-groups, attitudes toward antidiscrimination policy (i.e. affirmative action) and civic activism; 3.To define contexts that foster complex social identity. As for media appearances, we have the following web pages: https://www.facebook.com/sibyouth https://vimeo.com/186140752 http://mondo.rs/a915816/Info/Drustvo/Istrazivanje-o-mladima-u-regionu.html http://sibyouth.org/en/ ISPP conference: http://www.ispp.org/uploads/attachments /13June_FULL_PROGRAM_2016_CLEAN_v1.pdf Links to media: http://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/346669/Pogledi/Socijalniidentiteti-mladih https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7b4LG_B06pg&feature=youtu.be http://www.6yka.com/novost/100917/istrazivanje-saznajte-kakvi-sumeduetnicki-odnosi-vecine-i-manjine-u-regiji |
| Results | Majorities identify more strongly with the country than with ethnicity and religion, while minorities identify more strongly with ethnicity and religion, rather than with the country. Compared to majorities, minorities have more complex social identities, but their identities are not more inclusive. The results of our research show that people who demonstrate weaker identifications with ethnic and religious groups, lower social distance and more positive feelings toward ethnic and religious outgroups, and who have better quality of contact with outgroups tend to show greater social identity inclusiveness. People with high social identity complexity are more prone to positive attitudes toward antidiscrimination policies, awareness of group inequalities, and likely to hold egalitarian values and to support group equality. They also tend to have more frequent contacts with outgroups. General feelings toward ethnic and religious outgroups of both minority and majority members are relatively indifferent or cold, while the social distance is moderate. Minorities, due to the fact that they feel more threatened, have less positive and inclusive attitudes toward ethnic and religious outgroups. Average frequency of contact with the outgroup is relatively low; while quality of contact, when it occurs – is relatively high. |
| Method description | They planned to interview a total of 800 young people (aged 20 to 30 years), from four Western Balkan countries: Serbia (Belgrade, Novi Pazar), Macedonia (Skopje, Tetovo), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Banja Luka, Sarajevo) and Kosovo (Prishtina, Mitrovica). They planned to have 100 participants per town. In each country, two towns were chosen: one in which ethnic majority on state level has majority status, and the other in which it has minority status. In each town, we targeted to have at least one third of ethnic minorities. The sample frame within each city was balanced gender-wise and based on majority-minority status. We also aimed to have a diversity in education level of the respondents, so we further divided the quota based on the highest level of the educational attainment achieved. They collected the sample via passive snowballing method. In each city the researchers assigned university students to find the respondents to participate in the survey, broken down by quotas. They collected the data in lab conditions. Respondents were required to come to the prearranged facilities (rooms), which had computers with internet access. The data were collected via Electronic questionnaire, based on Qualtrics survey platform. Maximum 3 persons were tested simultaneously. |
| Publications | Branković, Marija; Pavlović, Maša; Žeželj, Iris; Vladisavljević, Marko; Jovanović, Olja; Petrović, Nebojša. 2015. Social identity complexity and inclusiveness as predictors of intergroup emotions = Složenost i inkluzivnost socijalnog identiteta kao prediktori inter-grupnih emocija. Primenjena psihologija, vol. 8, 4, str. 363-378, graf. prikazi. [COBISS.SR-ID 521359460]. Online: http://psihologija.ff.uns.ac.rs/primenjena/index.php?je=en&godina=2015&broj=4 Branković, Marija; Pavlović, Maša; Žeželj, Iris; Vladisavljević, Marko; Jovanović, Olja; Petrović, Nebojša. 2015. Social identity complexity and inclusiveness as predictors of intergroup emotions = Složenost i inkluzivnost socijalnog identiteta kao prediktori inter-grupnih emocija. Primenjena psihologija, vol. 8, 4, str. 363-378, graf. prikazi. [COBISS.SR-ID 521359460]. Online: http://psihologija.ff.uns.ac.rs/primenjena/index.php?je=en&godina=2015&broj=4 Turjačanin, Vladimir; Žeželj, Iris; Maloku, E.; Branković, Marija. Taming Conflicted Identities: the Emergence of New Youth Values in the Western Balkans. In Pavasović Trost. T., & Pupavac, D. (Eds), Beyond Ethnic Identity: Changing Youth Values at the European Periphery, London, Rutledge. Pratto, F.; Žeželj, Iris; Maloku, E.; Turjačanin, Vladimir; Branković, Marija. Shaping Social Identities after the Violent Conflicts: Youth in Western Balkans. In press. London, Palgrave Macmillan. Pajaziti, Ali; Blaževska-Stoilkovska, Biljana; Fritzhand, Ana. 2017. From Inclusive Identities to Inclusive Societies: Exploring Complex Social Identity in the Macedonian Context. ILIRIA International Review, 6(2). Online: http://www.iliriapublications.org/index.php/iir/article/view/273 Turjačanin, Vladimir; Dušanić, Srđan; Lalić, Siniša. 2017. Složeni socijalni identiteti u BiH. Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Banja Luci. |
| Secondary analyses | None |
| Study type | Mandated research |
| Financed by | Mandating institution |
| Mandating institution(s) | University of Fribourg, Interfaculty Institute for Central and Eastern Europe Regional Research Promotion Programme in the Western Balkans – RRPP, Bd de Pérolles 90, 1700 Fribourg |
| Progress | Finished |
| Start – end date | 01.09.2014 – 30.06.2016 |
| Data type | Quantitative data |
| Media | Digitalized data file |
| Available document types | Publications (final report, articles) |
| Linked to | Dataset 03 – Istraživanje kompleksnosti socijalnih identiteta |
| Remarks | Questionnaire is not available; Dataset on Serbian |
| Analysis unit | Individual |
| Mode of data collection | Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based |
| Data collection instruments | Questionnaire |
| Number of cases | – |
| Sampling description | – |
| Available versions | 1.0 |
| Bibliographical citation | Iris Žeželj, Nebojša Petrović, Marija Branković, Olja Jovanović, Maša Pavlović, Marko Vladisavljević, Ana Frichand, Biljana Blazevska-Stoilkovska, Vladimir Turjačanin, Srđan Dušanić, Irena Teofilović, Siniša Lalić, Sabina Čehajić-Clancy, Maja Pulić, Ali Pajaziti, Agron Rustemi, Admir Qose, Edona Maloku-Bërdyna, Kaltrina Kelmendi: 60_Inclusive_Identities_survey_SR_EN [Dataset]. University of Belgrade – Faculty of Philosophy, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje – Faculty of Philosophy, University of Banja Luka – Faculty of Philosophy, University Sarajevo – School of Science and Technology. Distributed by DASS-BiH, Sarajevo. |
| Access category | Restricted |
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